Degradation of microstructure and mechanical properties of single crystalline nickel based superalloys


Characterization

Nickel base superalloys are widely used as high-temperature structural materials because of their unusual ability to retain excellent combinations of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance at high temperatures comparing with other materials, such as titanium base alloys, iron base alloys or structural ceramics. Their application temperatures are relatively high and often exceed 0.7 of their melting temperature. Different generations of nickel based superalloys differ in content of refractory elements. In industry, nickel based single crystal superalloys of the 2nd and the 3rd generations areused in aircraft and power engineering for manufacturing the first stage blades for gasturbines on a large scale. CMSX-4 is typical representative of the 2nd generation containing 3 wt. % of Re.

Objectives

  1. To study microstructural stability of CMSX4 superalloy during long term high temperature exposure.
  2. To determine the effect of microstructure degradation on the mechanical properties.
  3. To study theeffect of uniaxial stress state conditions on microstructure degradation.
  4. To study theeffect of multiaxial stress state conditions on microstructuredegradation.
  5. Case studies.

Achievements


SEM micrographs showing the effect of ageing on morphology of cuboidal γ` precipitates
Ageing CMSX4 AInitial, before ageing
 
Ageing CMSX4 BAgeing at 950°C for 500 h
 
Ageing CMSX4 CAgeing at 950°C for 1000 h
 
Ageing CMSX4 DAgeing at 950°C for 2000 h
 
Ageing CMSX4 EAgeing at 1000°C for 500 h
 
Ageing CMSX4 FAgeing at 1000°C for 1000 h
 

Uniaxial stress CMSX4 Geometry of creep specimen with multiple gauge sections tested at a temperature of 950◦C for 500 h and evolution of the γ/ γ’microstructure within the gauge sections subjected to applied stresses of 60, 90, 120 and 150 MPa
 
Multiaxial stress CMSX SEM micrographs showing the γ’/γ microstructure of the notched creep specimen after creep at 950°C/90 MPa for 1000 h
 
Multiaxial sstress modelCalculated distribution of Von Mises stresses in the notch affected region of the creep specimen
 

Additional reading

LAPIN, J. - PELACHOVÁ, T. - GEBURA, M. The effect of creep exposure on microstructure stability and tensile properties of single crystal nickel based superalloy CMSX-4. In KOVOVE MATER, 2012, vol.50, pp. 379-386. (IF 0.687) (Current Contents, Scopus, WOS). ISSN 0023-432X.

LAPIN, J. - PELACHOVÁ, T. - GEBURA, M. Microstructure degradation of nickel based single crystal superalloy during creep. In 21st International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials, METAL 2012. 2012, Tanger Ltd, pp. 1257-1263. (Scopus, WOS). ISBN 978-80-87294-31-4.

GEBURA, M. - LAPIN, J. The Effect of Multiaxial Stress State on Formation of Rafts in CMSX-4 Superalloy during Creep. In ADV MAT RES., 2011, vol.278,pp. 222-227. (Scopus, WOS). ISSN print 1022-6680.

GEBURA, M. - LAPIN, J. The effect of multiaxial stress state on rafting in CMSX-4 superalloy during creep. In TECHNOLÓGIA 2011, 2011, Ed.: Hrnčiar, V., Bratislava, STU, pp. 44-50. ISBN 978-80-227-3545-2.

GEBURA, M. - LAPIN, J. Microsegregation Induced Inhomogeneity of Coarsening of γ´ Precipitates in a Nickel-based Single Crystal Superalloy. In DEFECT DIFFUS FORUM, 2010, vols.297-301, pp. 826-831. (Scopus). ISSN 1012-0386.

LAPIN, J. - GEBURA, M. - BAJANA, O. - PELACHOVÁ, T. - NAZMY, M. Effect of size and volume fraction of cuboidal γ' precipitates on mechanical properties of single crystal nickel-based superalloy CMSX-4. In KOVOVE MATER, 2009, vol 47, pp. 129-138. (Current Contents, Scopus, WOS). ISSN 0023-432X.

GEBURA, M. - LAPIN, J. Instability of γ/γ´ microstructure in a nickel-based single crystal superalloy during ageing. In TECHNOLÓGIA 2009. Ed.: Hrnčiar, V., Bratislava, STU, 2009, pp. 28-35. ISBN 978-80-227-3135-5.

GEBURA, M. - LAPIN, J. - TARABA, B. Microstructure degradation in notched nickel base single crystal superalloy CMSX-4 during creep. In The 14th International of PhD students’ seminar Semdok 2009, 2009, Proceedings, Ed.: EDIS, Žilina, pp. 17-21. ISBN 978-80-8070-959-4.

LAPIN, J. - GEBURA, M. - PELACHOVÁ, T. - BAJANA, O. Microstructure degradation of nickel base single crystal superalloy CMSX-4. In 18th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials, METAL 2009 [online], 2009, Červený zámek, Hradec nad Moravicí, Tanger Ltd, pp. 304-310. (Scopus, WOS). ISBN:978-80-87294-10-9.

GEBURA, M. - LAPIN, J. Effect of multiaxial stress conditions on microstructure degradation of nickel base single crystal superalloy CMSX-4 during creep. In 18th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials, METAL 2009, [online], 2009, Červený zámek, Hradec nad Moravicí, Tanger Ltd, pp. 311-317. (Scopus, WOS). ISBN:978-80-87294-10-9.

LAPIN, J. - GEBURA, M. - PELACHOVÁ, T. - NAZMY, M. Coarsening kinetics of cuboidal γ’ precipitates in single crystal nickel base superalloy CMSX-4. In KOVOVE MATER, 2008, vol.46, pp. 313-322. (Current Contents, Scopus, WOS). ISSN 0023-432X.

GEBURA, M. - LAPIN, J. Spontaneous rafting in single crystal Ni-base superalloy during long-term ageing. Materials Science and Technology [online], 2008, vol.4, pp. 32-38. ISSN 1335-9053.

GEBURA, M. - LAPIN, J. - PELACHOVÁ, T. Structure degradation development in nickel-based single crystal superalloy CMSX-4. In International Doctoral Seminar 2007 – Proceedings, 2007, AlumniPress, Trnava. ISBN 978-80-8096-011-7.

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